The basic steps of building a step stone: base treatment --- elastic thread --- pre-laying --- paving --- jointing
1. Basic treatment
Before the construction of the stone, carefully clean the ground ash, floating ash and other debris on the ground base, and clean it with a wire brush or a flat steel shovel. Before the construction, a cement slurry bonding layer should be brushed on the ground. The grass-roots treatment should pay attention to meet the requirements of construction conditions, taking into account the needs of decorative thickness, wet the ground with clean water before the formal construction, but there is no stagnant water.
2. Elastic thread
Play the vertical cross control line in the center of the field to check and control the position of the stone blocks. The cross line can be bounced on the ground and all the way to the bottom of the wall. After the cross line pops up on the ground, the stone grid line pops up on the ground according to the stone specifications.
3. Pre-laying
First of all, the color, texture, geometric size, surface smoothness, etc. of the stone should be strictly selected in the design of the design requirements of the drawings, and then pre-laid according to the requirements of the drawings. Adjust and exchange the errors that may occur in the pre-laying until the best effect is achieved. At the same time, pay attention to the light-colored stone and the stone with lower density. The back and all sides should be painted with release agent to prevent the stone from absorbing water and affecting the appearance of the stone during paving.
4. Paving
Bonding layer: Clean the base layer before laying the mortar, and then use a watering can to sprinkle water to moisten and brush the plain cement mortar.
Laying mortar layer: Determine the thickness of the leveling layer on the ground according to the horizontal control line, and control it vertically and horizontally with a cross line. Stone inlays should use 1:4 (1:3) dry-hard mortar after being fully stirred for construction (requires the dryness of the mortar. The hardness should be kneaded into a ball and not loose).
Lay the mixed dry-hard mortar on the ground, and use a gray board to confirm it. It should be noted that the width of the mortar should be more than 1/3 of the width of the stone, and the thickness of the mortar should be about 3~4mm higher than the horizontal elevation, and the thickness of the mortar should be controlled at 30mm.
Paving stone: Before paving, pre-wet the board and dry it in the shade for later use. Try paving first, align the vertical and horizontal joints, tap the pad board with a rubber (do not directly tap the stone layout with a rubber hammer), and vibrate the mortar to the laying height. , move the board aside, check whether the upper surface of the mortar matches the board, if there is any vacancy, it should be filled with dry and hard mortar, and then formally paved.
Pour a layer of plain cement slurry bonding layer with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 on the mortar layer. When placing it, the four corners should drop down at the same time. Tap the board with a rubber hammer or a wooden hammer. Use a level to control the paving elevation. shop.
According to the seam requirements: The joints of the stone slabs should be tight when paving, generally leaving no gaps.
5. Jointing
1~2 days and nights after the paving is completed, grouting and jointing are carried out. According to the color of the stone, add mineral pigments of the same color into the cement slurry to make a 1:1 thin cement slurry, and pour it into the gap in stages with a slurry pot or mix the color powder with dry cement to clean the gap. After completion, clean up the cement slurry on the stone layout with cotton silk and protect it.
The steps are well built, but in the landscape design, the effect is often affected by the site. Generally, there are often terrain gaps in the site, and clever handling methods can create a landscape design with a rich sense of hierarchy, which is unforgettable.
More importantly, respecting the height difference can reduce the amount of earthwork, reduce the damage to the status quo, and reflect the memory of the site. Commonly used height difference treatment methods include steps, platform planting belts, retaining walls, etc., using artistic treatment methods such as plants, landscape sketches, cultural walls, benches, etc., to make height difference a design highlight.
